Mongrels of Our Making: The Plastiglomerates of Hawai'i

Finalist, 2025 Foreword INDIES Best Photography Book

See how plastics that wash ashore Hawaiʻi’s beaches are being transformed into modern-day fossils.

Hawaiʻi’s “Big Island” is a place created by fire, being formed entirely from volcanic activity. Currently, it is home to four active volcanoes. Due to its position relative to the North Pacific trash gyre, the Big Island is also home to tons of plastic debris that ocean currents deposit on its shores, particularly on its remote Kamilo Beach. Much effort has been made to remove this debris, but the flow of trash onto the beaches continues unabated, and keeping these beaches clean is a never-ending task. Does clearing the beaches of plastic waste, only to bury it elsewhere, actually help? As plastic washes up on an island so recently formed from volcanic activity, we are reminded that everything here, including all forms and traces of life, has come from somewhere else.

Photographer Michael Kolster became interested in the issue of plastic debris on Kamilo Beach through a paper from the Geological Society of America whose authors claimed that the plastic debris, when melted or otherwise combined with rocks on the beach, would probably enter the fossil record to become a horizon marker for the Anthropocene. Dubbed “plastiglomerates” by geologists, these hybrid “stones” are the product of humans burning plastic, whether intentionally or accidentally, that then melts and become fused with the naturally occurring rocks that were created by volcanoes. These fusions of human and geological activity form a fossil-like record of present-day human activity that is likely to persist for thousands of millennia due to their prevalence, location, and composition.

Wanting to see these plastiglomerates for himself, Kolster traveled to Hawaiʻi, where he photographed Kamilo Beach and its plastiglomerates. He also collected examples of plastiglomerates that he took back to his studio in Maine. Kolster’s photographs of the plastiglomerates, from Hawai‘i and collected at home, show the harsh reality and surprising beauty of plastic trash from the beaches of a Pacific paradise. While this debris can be viewed as both an eyesore and an insult to our idea of what a tropical paradise like Hawai‘i should be, Kolster also shows how seeing plastic on the beach is equivalent to looking in the mirror: We need to look closer at our reflection before impulsively wiping it clean, only to have to do it over and over day after day, week after week, endlessly.